{"id":7934,"date":"2024-01-09T13:02:10","date_gmt":"2024-01-09T07:32:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.impact.science\/blog\/?p=7934"},"modified":"2025-09-02T12:17:38","modified_gmt":"2025-09-02T12:17:38","slug":"how-universities-can-develop-a-patenting-culture-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cactusglobal.com\/media-center\/how-universities-can-develop-a-patenting-culture-2\/","title":{"rendered":"How universities can develop a patenting culture"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n<p>Universities produce innovations that not only advance humanity, but also serve as unique business opportunities. For example, the <a href=\"https:\/\/web.mit.edu\/tlo\/documents\/TLO-FY2022-FactSheet.pdf\" aria-label=\"Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)\">Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)<\/a> formed 27 startup companies and received $82.7 million in licensing revenue from its discoveries in 2022 alone. Patenting provides opportunities to generate revenue, advance further research, and improve your institution\u2019s reputation as a center for learning. However, many universities need to devise strategies to encourage patenting. Here, I will introduce the key features of a strong patenting culture, provide examples of successful patenting strategies, and give tips for establishing a patenting culture in your institution.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A brief introduction to university research commercialization<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>In 1980, the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gpo.gov\/fdsys\/pkg\/STATUTE-94\/pdf\/STATUTE-94-Pg3015.pdf\" aria-label=\"Bayh\u2013Dole Act\">Bayh\u2013Dole Act<\/a> was passed by the United States federal government, permitting the universities and non-profit organizations to retain title to inventions made with federal funding and to license it to others. This act promoted research commercialization by giving these entities the ability to profit from their innovations and encouraged private investment in research. In response, many universities in the USA set up <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wipo.int\/technology-transfer\/en\/organizations.html#tto\" aria-label=\"technology transfer offices\">technology transfer offices<\/a> (TTOs), or technology licensing offices (TLOs) to manage their intellectual property (IP) and promote effective technology commercialization. Since then, the Bayh\u2013Dole model has spread to universities and institutes worldwide, particularly in the Global North.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How can universities support patenting?<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Setting up a technology transfer office<\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>An effective TTO\/TLO is vital to any patenting strategy. These offices not only manage the transfer of technology from universities and research institutions to the private sector, but also provide vital guidance for the institution and research personnel to realize effective patent commercialization. Furthermore, they also handle legal matters concerning IP, including patent applications, litigation, and transferring royalties to the parties concerned.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Royalty sharing<\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0166497209001448?via%3Dihub\" aria-label=\"Royalty sharing between universities and researchers stimulates innovation\">Royalty sharing between universities and researchers stimulates innovation<\/a> by financially incentivizing research. Royalty sharing initiatives allow researchers to pursue commercially relevant research. Furthermore, royalty sharing can increase collaboration, as the promise of sharing royalties may make researchers more willing to share ideas, since they will all benefit from any commercial success. Finally, royalty sharing can encourage researchers to seek more patent protection, such as applying for international patents to maximize their commercial potential. In short, royalty sharing is an obvious win-win that should be part of any patenting strategy.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Establishing a university startup incubator<\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Technology startups provide lucrative opportunities to commercialize cutting-edge research findings. Harvard University, for one, has an <a href=\"https:\/\/otd.harvard.edu\/impact\/harvard-startups\/\" aria-label=\"impressive roster of startups\">impressive roster of startups<\/a> that harness innovations from a range of scientific fields. While we all dream of investing in \u201cthe next big thing,\u201d establishing a patenting culture can form part of a broader commercialization strategy to spin off companies that realize groundbreaking new services and products. Founding an incubator is a large undertaking that requires planning and strategy, so research is key. The article \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/@jralexander\/so-you-want-to-start-a-startup-incubator-or-accelerator-6e17cd4806d1\" aria-label=\"So, you want to start a startup incubator or accelerator?\">So, you want to start a startup incubator or accelerator?<\/a>,\u201d penned by a student who successfully launched his own startup incubator, provides some interesting reading.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Build awareness of patenting<\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>An <a href=\"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/johnvillasenor\/2012\/11\/27\/intellectual-property-awareness-at-universities-why-ignorance-is-not-bliss\/\" aria-label=\"informal survey published in Forbes\">informal survey published in <em>Forbes<\/em><\/a> in 2012 yielded surprising results. Among 60 graduate engineering students at UCLA, 68% could not answer the question, \u201cwhat is a trade secret?\u201d Meanwhile, 21%, 32%, and 51% were unable to provide an answer to what patents, copyrights, and trademarks are, respectively.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>While this small survey is probably not representative, it\u2019s nonetheless surprising that these students had little awareness of IP and why it is relevant to their own work. If researchers do not understand these concepts, they may struggle to understand what is patentable and fail to disclose such discoveries at a critical time.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Fortunately, the World Intellectual Property Organization has provided many resources on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wipo.int\/enforcement\/en\/awareness-raising\/\" aria-label=\"raising awareness of IP\">raising awareness of IP<\/a>. While many of these resources are aimed at school-age children, this page also provides a six-step plan for building an awareness strategy and numerous examples of campaigns.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><em>See also: <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.impact.science\/blog\/crafting-a-patent-communication-strategy-tips-for-universities\/?utm_source=impactscience&amp;utm_medium=article&amp;utm_campaign=impactsci-impactscience-universities-patenting-culture--row\" aria-label=\"Crafting a Patent Communication Strategy: Tips for Universities\"><em>Crafting a Patent Communication Strategy: Tips for Universities<\/em><\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Examples of patenting done right<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">India<\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>The Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) have had considerable success in commercializing their research and protecting their IP. One such example is <a href=\"http:\/\/nopr.niscpr.res.in\/bitstream\/123456789\/13719\/3\/JIPR%2017%282%29%20141-151.pdf\" aria-label=\"IIT Bombay\">IIT Bombay<\/a>, which has successfully licensed technologies through its TTO and established close industry relationships. Institutional support for technology transfer, strong industry connections, government support and developed alumni networks have allowed IITs to be successful in commercializing their research and protecting their IP.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><em>See also: <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.impact.science\/blog\/patents-and-the-intellectual-property-rights-ecosystem-at-indian-universities\/?utm_source=impactscience&amp;utm_medium=article&amp;utm_campaign=impactsci-impactscience-universities-patenting-culture--row\" aria-label=\"Patents and the Intellectual Property Rights Ecosystem at Indian Universities\"><em>Patents and the Intellectual Property Rights Ecosystem at Indian Universities<\/em><\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Japan<\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>The University of Tokyo, better known as Todai in Japan, has a history of successful patenting, including in biotechnology, information technology, and materials science. In recent years, Todai <a href=\"https:\/\/todaitlo.com\/en\/\" aria-label=\"publishes an average of 600 patents\">publishes an average of 600 patents<\/a> annually and has successfully launched major investment funds to capitalize on Todai-affiliated spinoffs, such as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.citadel.co.jp\/en\" aria-label=\"Citadel AI\">Citadel AI<\/a>. Likewise, the University of Kyoto has similar initiatives for their <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tlo-kyoto.co.jp\/english\/\" aria-label=\"range of patents\">range of patents<\/a>. Overall, Japan\u2019s public universities have a proven track record of successful patenting and robust commercialization strategies.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">South Korea<\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>In the 20<sup>th<\/sup> century, South Korea transitioned from a developing country to a global leader for innovation, recently being <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wipo.int\/edocs\/pubdocs\/en\/wipo-pub-2000-2022-section1-en-gii-2022-at-a-glance-global-innovation-index-2022-15th-edition.pdf\" aria-label=\"recognized as East Asia\u2019s leading innovator\">recognized as East Asia\u2019s leading innovator<\/a> ahead of Japan and China.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S2199853122001688\" aria-label=\"One detailed analysis of technology transfer\"> One detailed analysis of technology transfer<\/a> in Korean public institutions found that successful technology transfer relies more on promoting application research by offering incentives for patent registration and increasing support for researchers\u2019 startups. These strategies have been successfully applied at Seoul National University (SNU), Korea\u2019s most reputable university, which has a strong focus on technology transfer and has established successful high-tech startups at the SNU Campus Town with the help of the <a href=\"https:\/\/cba.snu.ac.kr\/en\/academics\/entrepreneurship\" aria-label=\"SNU Entrepreneurship Center\">SNU Entrepreneurship Center<\/a>. The university\u2019s Research &amp; Development Board Foundation <a href=\"https:\/\/snurnd.snu.ac.kr\/en\/?q=node\/196\" aria-label=\"has overseen successful commercialization of technologies\">has overseen successful commercialization of technologies<\/a> with generous revenue sharing incentives.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conclusion<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>A solid patenting strategy can be profitable for institutions and researchers, stimulate basic and applied research, launch new business ventures, and improve your institution\u2019s reputation. In short, an effective patenting culture can benefit all involved.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><em>Learn strategies to promote awareness of patenting in your university and to spur innovation through patents. Download <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.impact.science\/whitepaper\/effective-patent-communication.html\" aria-label=\"this whitepaper\"><em>this whitepaper<\/em><\/a><em>.<\/em><\/p>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Universities produce innovations that not only advance humanity, but also serve as unique business opportunities. For example, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) formed 27 startup companies and received $82.7 million in licensing revenue from its discoveries in 2022 alone. Patenting provides opportunities to generate revenue, advance further research, and improve your institution\u2019s reputation as [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":54,"featured_media":24736,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[172,166],"tags":[],"brand":[],"class_list":["post-7934","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-research-perception-building","category-researcher-engagement"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>How universities can develop a patenting culture - CACTUS<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/cactusglobal.com\/media-center\/how-universities-can-develop-a-patenting-culture-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How universities can develop a patenting culture - CACTUS\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Universities produce innovations that not only advance humanity, but also serve as unique business opportunities. 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Patenting provides opportunities to generate revenue, advance further research, and improve your institution\u2019s reputation as [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/cactusglobal.com\/media-center\/how-universities-can-develop-a-patenting-culture-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"CACTUS\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/CactusCommunications\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-01-09T07:32:10+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-09-02T12:17:38+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/cactusglobal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/How-Universities-can-develop-a-patenting-culture-scaled-1.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2560\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1308\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"David Burbridge\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@Cactusglobal\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@Cactusglobal\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"David Burbridge\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/cactusglobal.com\/media-center\/how-universities-can-develop-a-patenting-culture-2\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/cactusglobal.com\/media-center\/how-universities-can-develop-a-patenting-culture-2\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"David Burbridge\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/cactusglobal.com\/#\/schema\/person\/8f767173d9ca7f075a40bb2e73b0fa36\"},\"headline\":\"How universities can develop a patenting culture\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-01-09T07:32:10+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-09-02T12:17:38+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/cactusglobal.com\/media-center\/how-universities-can-develop-a-patenting-culture-2\/\"},\"wordCount\":989,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/cactusglobal.com\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/cactusglobal.com\/media-center\/how-universities-can-develop-a-patenting-culture-2\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/cactusglobal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/How-Universities-can-develop-a-patenting-culture-scaled-1.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Research Perception Building\",\"Researcher Engagement\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/cactusglobal.com\/media-center\/how-universities-can-develop-a-patenting-culture-2\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/cactusglobal.com\/media-center\/how-universities-can-develop-a-patenting-culture-2\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/cactusglobal.com\/media-center\/how-universities-can-develop-a-patenting-culture-2\/\",\"name\":\"How universities can develop a patenting culture - 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